python requests multiple header mit variable

**Huhn Hur Tu** · 12.04.24, 11:23

Ich habe fuer requests zwei Header

- "Content-Type": "application/json"
- "COMPANY-Authentication": "' + work_value + '"

Zusammengeklebt sehen die ja auch gut aus
- '{da_header_one + ', ' + da_header_two}'

Aber ich bekomme dann ein

- AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

Code:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/druuhl/git/operating/bin/./ases2", line 255, in <module>
    __main__()
  File "/home/druuhl/git/operating/bin/./ases2", line 48, in __main__
    __get_basic_customer_data__(work_value)
  File "/home/druuhl/git/operating/bin/./ases2", line 142, in __get_basic_customer_data__
    gql_out = __get_graphql_data__(da_endpoint, da_mode, da_query, da_headers)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/druuhl/git/operating/bin/./ases2", line 238, in __get_graphql_data__
    response = requests.post(
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 115, in post
    return request("post", url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 59, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 573, in request
    prep = self.prepare_request(req)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 484, in prepare_request
    p.prepare(
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/models.py", line 369, in prepare
    self.prepare_headers(headers)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/models.py", line 489, in prepare_headers
    for header in headers.items():
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

Eine Idee ?

**marce** · 12.04.24, 11:36

Zitat von Huhn Hur Tu

Eine Idee ?

Den relevanten Code posten.

**Huhn Hur Tu** · 12.04.24, 12:00

Da Code einself

da_endpoint = 'https://FOO-live.server.lan:443/customer/graphql'
da_mode = 'post'
da_header_one = '"Content-Type": "application/json"'
da_header_two = '"FOO-Authentication": "' + work_value + '"'
da_headers = {da_header_one + ', ' + da_header_two}

gql_out = __get_graphql_data__(da_endpoint, da_mode, da_query, da_headers)

def __get_graphql_data__(gql_endpoint, gql_mode, gql_query, gql_headers):

## GraphQL Tooluser Credentials
parser = configparser.ConfigParser()
parser.read(credentials_path)
gql_user = parser.get('GRAPHQL', 'gql_user')
gql_pass = parser.get('GRAPHQL', 'gql_pass')

try:
response = requests.post(
gql_endpoint,
headers = str(gql_headers),
auth=HTTPBasicAuth(gql_user, gql_pass),
data=gql_query,
verify='/etc/ssl/certs/FOO.pem'
)
## DEBUG
#print('###### DEBUG requests response OUTPUT')
return response.text

except OSError:
print('Ein Problem HTTP ' + response + ' mit ' + gql_endpoint)

**marce** · 12.04.24, 12:24

Hab's nicht nachgestellt, aber alles aus Google meint: headers = str(gql_headers) - dass da das str nix verloren hat.

**nopes** · 12.04.24, 13:31

[edit]ohne da jetzt wirklich drin zu sein, aber die Zeile:
da_headers = {da_header_one + ', ' + da_header_two}

stinkt ein bisschen - sa https://onlinegdb.com/lV6CUDuq7

Code:

work_value = "42"
da_header_one = '"Content-Type": "application/json"'
da_header_two = '"FOO-Authentication": "' + work_value + '"'
da_headers = {da_header_one + ', ' + da_header_two}
da_json1 = {da_header_one, da_header_two}
da_json2 = {da_header_two, da_header_one}
da_json3 = {"Content-Type": "application/json", "FOO-Authentication": "42"}
print(f"text1: {da_headers}")
print(f"json1: {da_json1}")
print(f"json2: {da_json2}")
print(f"json3: {da_json3}")

Ausgabe:

Code:

text1: {'"Content-Type": "application/json", "FOO-Authentication": "42"'}
json1: {'"FOO-Authentication": "42"', '"Content-Type": "application/json"'}
json2: {'"FOO-Authentication": "42"', '"Content-Type": "application/json"'}
json3: {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'FOO-Authentication': '42'}

Ich vermute mal du willst json3

**Huhn Hur Tu** · 15.04.24, 11:22

Nochmal nachgebaut in ipython

Code:

In [10]: import json

In [11]: ttt = '{"Content-Type": "application/json", "FOO-Authentication": "42"}'

In [12]: print(json.loads(ttt))
{'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'FOO-Authentication': '42'}

Soweit so fein.
Aber ich braeuchte da nochmal eine Machete fuer mein geistiges Unterholz

Code:

In [31]: response = requests.post(
    ...: gql_endpoint,
    ...: headers = gql_headers,
    ...: auth=HTTPBasicAuth(gql_user, gql_pass),
    ...: data=gql_query,
    ...: verify='/etc/ssl/certs/COMPANYrootca2022ec.pem'
    ...: )
    ...: ## DEBUG
    ...: #print('###### DEBUG requests response OUTPUT')
    ...: return response.text
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In [31], line 1
----> 1 response = requests.post(
      2 gql_endpoint,
      3 headers = gql_headers,
      4 auth=HTTPBasicAuth(gql_user, gql_pass),
      5 data=gql_query,
      6 verify='/etc/ssl/certs/COMPANYrootca2022ec.pem'
      7 )
      8 ## DEBUG
      9 #print('###### DEBUG requests response OUTPUT')
     10 return response.text

File /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py:115, in post(url, data, json, **kwargs)
    103 def post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):
    104     r"""Sends a POST request.
    105
    106     :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
   (...)
    112     :rtype: requests.Response
    113     """
--> 115     return request("post", url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)

File /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py:59, in request(method, url, **kwargs)
     55 # By using the 'with' statement we are sure the session is closed, thus we
     56 # avoid leaving sockets open which can trigger a ResourceWarning in some
     57 # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.
     58 with sessions.Session() as session:
---> 59     return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)

File  /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py:573, in  Session.request(self, method, url, params, data, headers, cookies,  files, auth, timeout, allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify,  cert, json)
    560 # Create the Request.
    561 req = Request(
    562     method=method.upper(),
    563     url=url,
   (...)
    571     hooks=hooks,
    572 )
--> 573 prep = self.prepare_request(req)
    575 proxies = proxies or {}
    577 settings = self.merge_environment_settings(
    578     prep.url, proxies, stream, verify, cert
    579 )

File /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py:484, in Session.prepare_request(self, request)
    481     auth = get_netrc_auth(request.url)
    483 p = PreparedRequest()
--> 484 p.prepare(
    485     method=request.method.upper(),
    486     url=request.url,
    487     files=request.files,
    488     data=request.data,
    489     json=request.json,
    490     headers=merge_setting(
    491         request.headers, self.headers, dict_class=CaseInsensitiveDict
    492     ),
    493     params=merge_setting(request.params, self.params),
    494     auth=merge_setting(auth, self.auth),
    495     cookies=merged_cookies,
    496     hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
    497 )
    498 return p

File  /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/models.py:369, in  PreparedRequest.prepare(self, method, url, headers, files, data, params,  auth, cookies, hooks, json)
    367 self.prepare_method(method)
    368 self.prepare_url(url, params)
--> 369 self.prepare_headers(headers)
    370 self.prepare_cookies(cookies)
    371 self.prepare_body(data, files, json)

File /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/models.py:489, in PreparedRequest.prepare_headers(self, headers)
    487 self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
    488 if headers:
--> 489     for header in headers.items():
    490         # Raise exception on invalid header value.
    491         check_header_validity(header)
    492         name, value = header

AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

Functionsaufruf

Code:

  gql_out = __get_graphql_data__(da_endpoint, da_mode, da_query, da_headers)

Function

Code:

def __get_graphql_data__(gql_endpoint, gql_mode, gql_query, gql_headers):

  ## GraphQL Tooluser Credentials
  parser = configparser.ConfigParser()
  parser.read(credentials_path)
  gql_user = parser.get('GRAPHQL', 'gql_user')
  gql_pass = parser.get('GRAPHQL', 'gql_pass')

  try:
    response = requests.post(
    gql_endpoint,
    headers = str(gql_headers),
    auth=HTTPBasicAuth(gql_user, gql_pass),
    data=gql_query,
    verify='/etc/ssl/certs/COMPANYrootca2022ec.pem'
    )
    ## DEBUG
    #print('###### DEBUG requests response OUTPUT')
    return response.text

  except OSError:
    print('Ein Problem HTTP ' + response + ' mit ' + gql_endpoint)

**marce** · 15.04.24, 15:54

btw: es gibt übigens neben der

Zitierfunktion

auch die

Code:

Funktion für Code-Formatierung

- gerade bei Code, der ggf. Syntaxrelevante Leerzeichen hat und generell auch sonst eine massive Lesbarkeitsverbesserung.

**nopes** · 15.04.24, 16:57

Wenn man von unten nach oben liest bzw sich die tiefste Exception ansieht:

Code:

File /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/models.py:489, in PreparedRequest.prepare_headers(self, headers)
487 self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
488 if headers:
--> 489 for header in headers.items():
490 # Raise exception on invalid header value.
491 check_header_validity(header)
492 name, value = header

AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

=> PreparedRequest.prepare_headers(self, headers) wird mit headers vom Typ String aufgerufen, es wird aber was anderes erwartet.
Dann die Funktion:

Code:

def __get_graphql_data__(gql_endpoint, gql_mode, gql_query, gql_headers):

  #...
  try:
    response = requests.post(
      # ...
      headers = str(gql_headers),
      # ...
    )

  #...

Ich würde ja drauf wetten, das headers = str() die Probleme erzeugt. Ich würde mal tippen, dass es da ein Dictionary bzw json erwartet und empfehlen, Strings wenn irgendwie möglich zu meiden.

=> headers = gql_headers bzw headers = to_dict(gql_headers)

[edit]Ab Python 3.9 kannst man Dictionaries recht einfach kombinieren, mit dem üblichen Foo:

Code:

work_value = '42'
da_header_one = {'Content-Type' : 'application/json'}
da_header_two = {'Content-Type' : 'application/foo', 'FOO-Authentication' : work_value}
da_headers_1 = da_header_one | da_header_two
da_headers_2 = da_header_two | da_header_one
print(f'da_headers_1: {da_headers_1}')
print(f'da_headers_2: {da_headers_2}')

Code:

Ausgabe:
da_headers_1: {'Content-Type': 'application/foo', 'FOO-Authentication': '42'}
da_headers_2: {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'FOO-Authentication': '42'}

**Huhn Hur Tu** · 17.04.24, 05:34

Sorry fuer die Formatierung, ich bin halt Jira versaut und upper Case und slash allergisch, habe es gefixt.

Die Header nach json casten war dann die Loesung.

Code:

def __get_graphql_data__(gql_endpoint, gql_mode, gql_query, gql_headers):

  js_headers = json.loads(gql_headers)

  ## GraphQL Tooluser Credentials
  parser = configparser.ConfigParser()
  parser.read(credentials_path)
  gql_user = parser.get('GRAPHQL', 'gql_user')
  gql_pass = parser.get('GRAPHQL', 'gql_pass')

  try:
    response = requests.post(
    gql_endpoint,
    headers = js_headers,
    auth=HTTPBasicAuth(gql_user, gql_pass),
    data=gql_query,
    verify='/etc/ssl/certs/COMPANYrootca2022ec.pem'
    )
    ## DEBUG
    #print('###### DEBUG requests response OUTPUT')
    return response.text

Danke euch